Daron Acemo\u011flu, Simon Johnson ve James Robinson, siyasi ve ekonomik kurumlar\u0131n \u00fclkelerin geli\u015fimi ve refah\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkilerini a\u00e7\u0131klamaya y\u00f6nelik \u00f6nemli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yaparak bu sene ekonomi alan\u0131nda Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, geni\u015f kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 te\u015fvik eden, m\u00fclkiyet haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan, yenilik\u00e7ili\u011fi destekleyen ve siyasi hesap verebilirli\u011fi g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alan kapsay\u0131c\u0131 kurumlara sahip \u00fclkelerin kal\u0131c\u0131 ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcme ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir y\u00f6netici elit taraf\u0131ndan kontrol edilen s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc kurumlar, durgunlu\u011fa ve e\u015fitsizli\u011fe yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. Yazarlar, baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerin neden zenginle\u015fti\u011fini, baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ise fakir kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bu kurumsal farkl\u0131l\u0131klarla a\u00e7\u0131klamaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, \u00fclkelerin ya kapsay\u0131c\u0131 ve refah sa\u011flayan, ya da s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ve gerileme e\u011filiminde olan yollara girmesine neden olan tarihi kritik d\u00f6neme\u00e7lere vurgu yapmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ancak, bu kurumlar \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan analizler, T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131mlar bar\u0131nd\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Son birka\u00e7 on y\u0131lda T\u00fcrkiye, daha fazla siyasi merkezile\u015fme ve \u00f6zellikle T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankas\u0131 etraf\u0131nda ekonomik kurumlar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu geli\u015fmeler, Acemo\u011flu ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n uyard\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc kurumlarla benzerlik g\u00f6stermektedir; bu t\u00fcr kurumlar, g\u00fcc\u00fc birka\u00e7 se\u00e7kinin elinde toplar ve kat\u0131l\u0131m ile yenilik\u00e7ili\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 tutar. T\u00fcrkiye, hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, yolsuzlukla m\u00fccadele ve \u015feffaf ekonomik politikalar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 konular\u0131nda eksiklikler ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Bu sorunlar, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin \u00f6n\u00fcnde engel te\u015fkil eden s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc kurumlar i\u00e7in tipiktir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yazarlar, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin istikrarl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcme sa\u011flamas\u0131 ve enflasyonu etkili bir \u015fekilde y\u00f6netmesi i\u00e7in kapsay\u0131c\u0131 kurumlar\u0131n ilkeleriyle uyumlu reformlar benimsemesi gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kurumsal Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n G\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi:<\/strong> En \u00f6nemli hedef, merkez bankas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yeniden tesis etmektir. Para politikas\u0131 konusunda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kararlar alabilme yetene\u011fi, enflasyonu istikrara kavu\u015fturmak ve yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131 g\u00fcvenini yeniden in\u015fa etmek i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6neme sahiptir. Merkez bankas\u0131, siyasi bask\u0131lardan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak faaliyet g\u00f6stermeli ve faiz oranlar\u0131n\u0131 ekonomik ger\u00e7eklere g\u00f6re belirlemelidir, ge\u00e7ici siyasi h\u0131rslara g\u00f6re de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hukukun \u00dcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve \u015eeffafl\u0131\u011f\u0131n G\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi:<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye, hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc iyile\u015ftirmeli ve tam \u015feffafl\u0131kla yolsuzluktan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir ortam yaratmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, kurallar\u0131n tutarl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve m\u00fclkiyet haklar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir, bu da hem yerli hem de yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n E\u011fitim ve \u0130novasyona Yat\u0131r\u0131m Yapmak:<\/strong> Uzun vadeli ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcme, e\u011fitim ve teknolojik inovasyona olan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa dayan\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye, be\u015feri sermayeye yat\u0131r\u0131m yaparak ve yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 te\u015fvik ederek \u00fcretkenli\u011fi art\u0131rma ve ithalata ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 azaltma potansiyeline sahiptir; bu da nihayetinde enflasyonist bask\u0131lar\u0131 hafifletecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Siyasi Merkezile\u015fmeyi Azaltmak:<\/strong> Acemo\u011flu, geni\u015f siyasi kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n kapsay\u0131c\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcme i\u00e7in \u00f6nemine vurgu yapmaktad\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin siyasi merkezile\u015fme e\u011filimini azaltmas\u0131 ve her kesimin ekonomik ilerlemeden tam anlam\u0131yla faydalanabilmesi i\u00e7in demokratik kurumlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmesi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu kurumsal zay\u0131fl\u0131klar giderildi\u011finde, daha istikrarl\u0131 bir ekonomik ortam yarat\u0131lacak, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir b\u00fcy\u00fcme te\u015fvik edilecek ve enflasyon kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nabilecektir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Daron Acemo\u011flu, Simon Johnson ve James Robinson, siyasi ve ekonomik kurumlar\u0131n \u00fclkelerin geli\u015fimi ve refah\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkilerini a\u00e7\u0131klamaya y\u00f6nelik \u00f6nemli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yaparak bu sene ekonomi alan\u0131nda Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, geni\u015f kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 te\u015fvik eden, m\u00fclkiyet haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan, yenilik\u00e7ili\u011fi destekleyen ve siyasi hesap verebilirli\u011fi g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alan kapsay\u0131c\u0131 kurumlara sahip \u00fclkelerin kal\u0131c\u0131 ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcme ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30,"featured_media":51138,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[69,38,43],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51136","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-fatih","category-guncel","category-yazarlar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51136","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/30"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51136"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51136\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/51138"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51136"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51136"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51136"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}