y\u00fcre\u011fi kopar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015fehr<\/em><\/strong>ini daha iyi anlamak i\u00e7in parantez a\u00e7\u0131p birka\u00e7 soru soral\u0131m:<\/p>\nBir \u015fehrin y\u00fcre\u011fi olur mu?<\/p>\n
Bir \u015fehrin y\u00fcre\u011fi neresidir?<\/p>\n
Y\u00fcreksiz \u015fehir nas\u0131l olur?<\/p>\n
Y\u00fcrek, eski T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019de \u201ckalp\u201d demek. Kelime olarak bile derin bir etkiye, ihtizaza sahip. Y\u00fcrekli insan <\/em>ne ise, y\u00fcrekli \u015fehir <\/em>de o. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde y\u00fcre\u011fi kopar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f insan <\/em>ne ise y\u00fcre\u011fi kopar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015fehir <\/em>de o.<\/p>\nY\u00fcrek ruhun, iman\u0131n, vicdan\u0131n, a\u015fk\u0131n, \u015fuurun, kemalin\u2026. \u0130nsana dair her \u015feyin irade ve karar mahalli, merkezi.<\/p>\n
Ehl-i tahkike g\u00f6re y\u00fcrek \u201cb\u00fct\u00fcn kuvvetlerin, hislerin mebdei\u201d<\/em> denilen organ. Sadece kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan \u00a0et par\u00e7as\u0131 de\u011fil. Ruhun dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n da merkezi. Ehl-i marifet \u201cbedendeki kalbin misali, havadaki kandilin misali gibidir. Kalpte bulunan dille ifade edilir\u201d<\/em> der.\u00a0 \u015eehir de bu y\u00fcreklili\u011fin dile geli\u015fidir.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n
\u015eehirler, i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131, kendisine ruh \u00fcf\u00fcren mek\u00e2nlarla \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karlar, bir di\u011ferinden ayr\u0131l\u0131rlar. Bak\u0131n Mekke\u2019ye, Medine\u2019ye, Kud\u00fcs\u2019e, Ba\u011fdat\u2019a, \u015eam\u2019a, Kurtuba\u2019ya, Buhara\u2019ya, Semerkand\u2019a; \u0130stanbul\u2019a, Konya\u2019ya, Amasya\u2019ya, Trabzon\u2019a ve daha bir\u00e7ok kadim \u015fehre\u2026 Onlar\u0131n y\u00fcre\u011fini g\u00f6receksiniz. Y\u00fcrekleri sizi kendine \u00e7ekecek.<\/p>\n
Kad\u00eem \u015fehirlerimizde \u015fehrin y\u00fcre\u011fi niteli\u011finde mek\u00e2nlar vard\u0131. Onlar \u015fehrin ruh dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/em>n\u0131 sa\u011flarlard\u0131. \u015eehir onlarla hayat bulurdu.<\/p>\nHer biri d\u00f6neminin kemale ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f mimar\u00ee \u00fcslubunu yans\u0131tan eserlerden Peygamber makamlar\u0131, vel\u00eeler ve \u00e2riflerin kabirleri \u015fehre \u201c\u00f6te\u201dlerden ruh \u00fcfleyen tarih\u00ee mek\u00e2nlard\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca camiler, medreseler, kervansaraylar, \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131lar, bedestenler, saraylar; ilim, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve sanat eserleri \u015fehrin y\u00fcre\u011finden ta\u015fan par\u00e7alard\u0131. \u015eehre bu mek\u00e2nlardan bak\u0131l\u0131r,\u00a0\u015fehir bu mek\u00e2nlardan ses verir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, \u015fehre can veren bu yap\u0131lar\u0131n madd\u00ee varl\u0131k ve tasavvurdan \u00f6te, mek\u00e2n olmay\u0131 a\u015fan bir manas\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu mek\u00e2nlar, temsil ve ihtar ettikleri manalarla insana fena i\u00e7inde bek\u00e2y\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n
\u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fc hat\u0131rlatan her \u015feyi\u00a0hayat\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karan modern zaman \u015fehirlerinde, her \u00f6l\u00fcmde \u2018\u015fok\u2019 ya\u015fanmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen; hayatla \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn i\u00e7 i\u00e7e oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fini her an hissettirip \u2018\u00f6te\u2019ye yol g\u00f6steren bir mekan olarak sergilenen mezarl\u0131klar da, tezyin edilmi\u015f bir dekor \u015fekline b\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fclerek fonksiyon kayb\u0131na u\u011frat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; bu fonksiyonlar\u0131 onlardan \u00e7al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Modern d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u015fehirlerinde maalesef y\u00fcrek yok. Y\u00fcrek yerine ayn\u0131 fabrikadan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f\u00e7as\u0131na ortal\u0131\u011fa sa\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f AVM\u2019ler, rezidans\u2019lar, i\u015f kuleleri, g\u00f6kdelenler, g\u00fcvenlikli siteler var. Beton nekropollere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen \u015fehirlerin y\u00fcre\u011fi olmaz! \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc makinele\u015fmeye ba\u011fl\u0131, fabrikasyon \u00fcretimi haz\u0131r beton nekropolleri<\/em><\/strong>ne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen \u015fehirlerde y\u00fcre\u011fe ve ruhanili\u011fe yer olmaz.<\/p>\n\u00dcstad Necip Faz\u0131l\u2019\u0131n;<\/p>\n
\u201cNur yolunu t\u0131k\u0131yor y\u00fczbir katl\u0131 g\u00f6kdelen. Bir k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u011fne yok mu, \u015fehrin kalbini delen?\u201d<\/em> dedi\u011fi hal bu olsa gerek. \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\nAntik nekropoller, \u201cy\u00fcre\u011fi kopar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015fehirden geriye kalan benim\u201d <\/em>dercesine adeta modern zaman \u015fehirlerinde dile geliyor ama dinleyen, anlayan yok. Herhalde g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn y\u00fcreksiz \u015fehirleri de gelece\u011fe \u015f\u00f6yle seslenecek: \u201cY\u00fcre\u011fi kopar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015fehrin ak\u0131beti i\u015fte benim ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bu haldir!<\/em><\/p>\nGene de anla\u015f\u0131lamayacak, anlayamayaca\u011f\u0131z; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015fehrin y\u00fcre\u011fi kopunca, insan\u0131n da y\u00fcre\u011fi koptu. Bu kopu\u015fla birlikte tarihten, co\u011frafyadan ve \u015fehirlerimizden de koptuk.<\/p>\n
Bu kopu\u015ftan sonra ge\u00e7mi\u015fin o y\u00fcrekli \u015fehirlerinden geriye bize ne kald\u0131ysa, onu da modern zamanlar\u0131n donuk ve ruhsuz m\u00fcze malzemeleri haline getirerek metala\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131k.<\/p>\n
\u015eimdi soral\u0131m: Hangi \u015fehrimizin ruhu kald\u0131 ki y\u00fcre\u011fi olsun?<\/p>\n
Bu c\u00fcmle \u2013y\u00fcre\u011fi kopar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015fehir-<\/em> art\u0131k \u201c\u015fehir olmayan\u201d \u015fehirlerimizin halini ve ak\u0131betini anlatmada ba\u015fka bir c\u00fcmleye ihtiya\u00e7 hissettirmeyecek derinlikte, \u015fehirlerimizin trajedisini ifade eden muhte\u015fem bir c\u00fcmle. C\u00fcmlenin korkun\u00e7lu\u011fu \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan geliyor. Y\u00fcrek at\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n durmas\u0131 de\u011fil, y\u00fcre\u011fin kopar\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r trajik olan.<\/p>\nTekrar Zweig\u2019e d\u00f6necek olursak\u2026<\/p>\n
Zweig, \u201cY\u00fcreksiz Kent\u201d olarak niteledi\u011fi Ypern\u2019e do\u011fru yol al\u0131rken g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerini \u015f\u00f6yle resmediyor: \u201cH\u0131zla yola devam ediyorum, Ypern\u2019e do\u011fru. Yolun sa\u011f\u0131nda-solunda bi\u00e7ilmeyi bekleyen bu\u011fday tarlalar\u0131. Hissediyor insan, do\u011fada her \u015fey \u00f6l\u00fclerden ya\u015f\u0131yor. Hasta ormanlar da g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum, yapraklar\u0131 hasta, zehirden sar\u0131ms\u0131, dallar\u0131n\u0131 yard\u0131m \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 atar gibi gen\u00e7lere uzat\u0131yorlar. Sa\u011fda solda ikide bir mezarl\u0131klar uzan\u0131yor. D\u00f6rt y\u0131ll\u0131k sava\u015f burada h\u00e2l\u00e2 yak\u0131n. Putlar, putlar, putlar, ta\u015f putlardan ordular, tertemiz, p\u0131r\u0131l p\u0131r\u0131l, g\u00fcllerle s\u00fcsl\u00fc her ta\u015f\u0131n alt\u0131nda bir insan\u0131n yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek \u00fcrpertici. O y\u0131llar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131lg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmasayd\u0131 bug\u00fcn k\u0131rk-elli ya\u015f\u0131nda olacak, ya\u015fam\u0131n ortas\u0131nda yeti\u015fkin, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve din\u00e7 duracaklard\u0131. Kafas\u0131nda b\u00f6yle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler olmasayd\u0131, bombo\u015f topraklarda uzanan, Avustralya, Kanada, Bel\u00e7ika, Fransa ve \u0130ngiltere insanlar\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015ftan \u00f6l\u00fcler ormanc\u0131\u011f\u0131 ho\u015fa bile gidebilirdi.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\nTekrar soral\u0131m: Y\u00fcre\u011fi kopar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015fehir nas\u0131l bir yerdir? Veya \u015fehrin y\u00fcreksiz kalmas\u0131 nas\u0131l bir \u015feydir?<\/p>\n
Kadavraya \u2018insan\u2019 denilebiliyorsa kalbi s\u00f6k\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f bir \u015fehre de \u201c\u015fehir\u201d denilebilir.<\/p>\n
\u015eehrin y\u00fcreksiz olmas\u0131n\u0131n belirtisi nedir?<\/p>\n
Ypern\u2019in merkezinde her \u015fey eskisi gibi durmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen b\u00fcy\u00fck kent toplant\u0131 salonu yoktur. (Zweig\u2019in benzetmesiyle) \u201ckent evlerinin bir zamanlar tavu\u011fun yan\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lmayan civcivler gibi \u00e7evresini sard\u0131\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131\u201d<\/em> yok edilmi\u015fti. Y\u00e2ni \u015fehrin kalbi s\u00f6k\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u015eehre can veren, \u015fehrin sembol\u00fc olan yap\u0131n\u0131n yerinde \u201chastal\u0131kl\u0131 di\u015fleri and\u0131ran birka\u00e7 kara ve k\u0131r\u0131k ta\u015f s\u00fctun\u201d<\/em> duruyordu.<\/p>\nYa\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u015fehre uzaktan bir bak\u0131n. Zweig\u2019\u0131n \u201cta\u015ftan \u00f6l\u00fcler ormanc\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d<\/em> dedi\u011fi bir beton orman\u0131ndan fark\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rebilecek misiniz? Veya toplu mezarl\u0131klardan bir fark\u0131 var m\u0131?<\/p>\nSun\u2019i y\u00fcreklerle \u015fehirler ya\u015fayam\u0131yor. H\u0131zla \u00f6l\u00fcme do\u011fru ko\u015fuyor.<\/p>\n
Biz de y\u00fcreksiz \u015fehirlerde kitleler halinde \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc bekleyen c\u00fczzaml\u0131lar gibi mazo\u015fist bir zevk ile k\u0131vranarak vademizin dolmas\u0131n\u0131 bekliyoruz.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Yahya D\u00fczenli duzenliyahya@gmail.com Ba\u015fl\u0131k, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n \u00f6nemli edebiyat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan Stefan Zweig’e ait. Gezip g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yerleri \u201c\u0130nsanlar, Kentler, Kitaplar\u201d alt ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0\u201cBulu\u015fmalar\u201d kitab\u0131nda Bel\u00e7ika\u2019n\u0131n, I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’nda tahrip olmu\u015f Ypern \u015fehrine \u201cge\u00e7mi\u015fi h\u00fcz\u00fcnl\u00fc\u201d der ve Ypern\u2019i \u201cy\u00fcre\u011fi kopar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kent\u201d \u015feklinde tan\u0131mlar. Zweig\u2019in y\u00fcre\u011fi kopar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015fehrini daha iyi anlamak i\u00e7in parantez a\u00e7\u0131p birka\u00e7 soru soral\u0131m: Bir \u015fehrin …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":48521,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[60],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1819","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-cevre"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1819","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/31"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1819"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1819\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/48521"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1819"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1819"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akincilardergisi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1819"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}